National Immunization Schedule-National Immunization Schedule Nepal

Immunization is a process by which an individual becomes immunized or resistant against specific disease or infectious agents by the administration of vaccine. Currently, immunization prevents 4 millions death every year worldwide from diseases like: influenza, tetanus, measles, rubella, pertussis, diphtheria, typhoid... It is a key component of primary health care and right of human beings. Immunization Schedule of Nepal is recently revised and added new vaccine 'TCV'. National Immunization Schedule is revised & updated.National Immunization Schedule Nepal 2022 AD.

 

Nepal National Immunization Schedule

Vaccination schedule is a series of vaccinations including the timing of all doses which may be either recommended or compulsory.

National Immunization Schedule Nepal

 

Immunization Schedule

Vaccination: The term 'Vaccination' is a process of administration of vaccine through different routes.

Vaccine:

vaccine is immuno biological substance designed to produce specific protection against a given diseases. it is prepared in the form of live, killed or inactivated, cellular fraction, toxoid and combination.

Live vaccine:

It is prepared from live organisms, and is given single dose usually except OPV which needs 3 dose. Examples: BCG, TCV, Yellow fever, measles, mumps, rubella, chicken pox & influenza.

Killed or inactivated vaccine:

In this vaccines organisms are killed by heat or chemicals. Generally it is required 2-3 dose to produce active immunity and booster dose is required in most of the cases. This vaccine is usually administered by I/M or S/C route. Examples: Typhoid, cholera, pertussis, plaque, polio, influenza, Hepatitis A & B.

Toxoid vaccine:

Some organisms like: Diphtheria & tetanus bacilli produce serotoxins. There toxins are neutralized and used in the preparation of vaccine. Examples: Diphtheria & tetanus toxoids.

Cellular fraction:

Vaccine is prepared from the extracted fractional parts of organisms. Examples: meningococcal.

Combination:

Combination of two or more vaccine for simply administration, to reduce cost and minimize no. of contact of patients with health system. Examples: DPT, TD, MMR, MR.

Read more... Bacterial Diseases

FAQ

Ques-1: Which of the following is the target group for immunization?

 Ans: Infants, children, adolescents, and adults.

Ques-2: Who Defined immunization?

Ans: WHO defined immunization as “the process whereby a person is made immune or resistant to an infectious disease, typically by the administration of a vaccine.”

Ques-3: Which vaccines are given at birth?

Ans: BCG

Ques-4: Who invented vaccines?

Ans: Edward Jenner in 1796 AD

Ques-5: Who discovered vaccine of COVID-19?

Ans: Bharat Biotech "COVAXIN™"

Ques-6: Covid-19 vaccines:

Ans: Covidshield, Verocele, Johnson, Pfizer, Astrazenica, Moderna