SARS CoV-2 means severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2. This is a strain of coronavirus and it is also called Human coronavirus 2019 (HCoV-2) which is responsible for causing respiratory illness. In the last 2019, a new virus SARS-CoV-2 began generating headlines all over the world because of its fastest transmissions from infected person to healthy person. The virus is traced from the food market of Wuhan city, China. This virus officially named SARS-CoV-2 has been responsible for more than 600 millions infections spread globally and causing deaths over more than 6 millions.

Most of the people infected with SARS CoV-2 (Covid-19) will manifest mild to moderate respiratory illness (about 80 %) and they becomes recovers without any standard medical treatments.some will becomes severe illness and requires special medical attentions.

SARS CoV-2-covid 19 variant-coronavirus disease

Who are at risk of SARS CoV-2 ?

People having underlying medical conditions such as; cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, Type-2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, cancer, during pregnancy period, age >65 years are more likely to develops serious illness.

How to transmit or SARS CoV-2 Covid-19 ?

The virus can be spread from infected person to healthy person through droplet secretions of oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal, by coughing, sneezing, speaking, singing

What are the symptoms developed ?

You may carry the virus upto 2-14 days before developing symptoms. In some cases the incubation period may be more than 14 days.

Some common symptoms:

Fever, Chills
Cough
Tiredness
Loss of taste or smell (Anosmia or Aguesia)

Less common symptoms:

Sorethroat
Headache
Bodyache or pains
GI disturbances like: Nausea-Vomiting or diarrhoea
Pink or Red eye

Serious symptoms:

Shortness of breath
Chest pain
Aphasia (difficilty in speech)
Confusion
Excessive drowsiness

SARS CoV-2 or COVID-19 is named as "Nobel Corona Virus Disease 2019" because its structure is look like 'Crown'. This is single stranded RNA virus and has following types of varients identified till now.

Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Delta
Epsilon
Eta
Lota
Kappa
Zeta
Mu

Diagnosis or Investigations of SARS CoV-2 :

You can identified Covid-19 by its presenting signs & symptoms. Initially rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT: Detection of IgM and IgA) was done. But currently Rapid Antigen Test (RAT) is use to detect the virus.

RDT KIT

The confirmatory test of covid-19 is Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction or Real Time Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). It is based on CT-value (cycle threshhold vavue).

CT value high = virus load low
CT value low = Virus load high

Treatments available for COVID-19 ?

There is no any specific treatments available fo COVID-19. The deaths occurs in COVID-19 is mainly due to respiratory failure, so the aim of treatments is to maintain Oxygen saturation level and to restore the respiratory functions by artificial respiration or ventilation.

Currently, the approved medicines for COVID-19 are Remdecivir and Lopinavir. These medicines are use in emergency.

The mild case of COVID-19 is managed by:

Home isolation (for 10 days) or self quarantine
Adequete rest
Avoid cold foods and beverages
For fever, use of Paracetamol and avoid Ibuprofen
Musle relaxant (malaise), use of Chlorzoxazone
Cough suppresant & antihistamines
If infections or fever despite of Paracetamol, use Antibiotics

For moderate case: use of Tab Dexamethasone 8 mg orally &

For severe case: Steroids and low molecular heparin (Sc) are used

How to prevent the spreads of COVID-19 ?

The best ways to prevent to the spread of COVID-19 is to interrupt its transmissins by:

Maintain 2 meter the social distance between yourself and others (Clinically 1 meter)
Stay at home
Personal hyegine (Hand washing or Hand sanitization)
Wearing of Mask
Avoid touching your face

Prevention

SARS CoV-2-covid 19 variant-coronavirus disease

Who are at risk of SARS CoV-2 ?

How to transmit or SARS CoV-2 Covid-19 ?