Loksewa tips on RABIES

                   RABIES

 A zoonotic disease caused by Lyssa virus type 1. (RNA Virus)

 Also known as hydrophobia.

 It is transmitted usually by bites or licks of jackals, dogs, wolves, cats, monkeys, sheep,

goat etc.

 It is the only communicable disease of man that is always fatal. (100% mortality).

 It affects the Central Nervous System.

 Rabies free countries are Australia, china, Cyprus, Iceland, Island, Ireland, Japan, Malta,

New Zealand & The UK.

 Incubation period: 3-8weeks

 The incubation period depends on the site of the bite, severity of the bite, number of the

wound, amount of virus injected, species of biting animal.

 Clinical Features:

1. Prodromal stage:

 Headache, malaise, sore throat, slight fever.

 Patient complains of pain & tingling sensation at the site of bite.

2. Excitation & stimulation of Nervous system:

 Intolerant to noise, bright light or cold air

 aerophobia (fear of air)

 spasm of pharyngeal & neck muscles

 dilatation of pupil

 increased salivation, lacrimation

 Hydrophobia (fear of water)

3. stage of paralysis & coma:

 patient die on this stage. TREATMENT: There is no specific treatment of rabies. patient should be isolated in quite,

dark room.

 PREVENTION: 

Post exposure prophylaxis by Anti rabies vaccine at 0,3,7,14 & 28th day.

Indications of ARV vaccine:

1. If the animal shows sign and symptoms or diess within 10 days of observation.

2. If the biting animal cannot identified.

3. unprovoked bite

4. All bites by wild animal.

First aid for animal bite:

1. Wash the wound thoroughly with soap and water.

2. Apply pressure if bite is actively bleeding.

3. Cover the wound with sterile dressing or clean pad bandage.

4. Go to nearest hospital for anti-rabies vaccine.

5. Do not suture the wound if there is risk of rabies.

SOME ALTERNATIVE NAME OF DISEASES Through video: